Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, abantu bakora ibikorwa byinshi bibahuza n’ibintu bishobora kuba byanduye mikorobi zitandukanye. Nubwo bisa n’ibyoroshye kandi bisanzwe, gukaraba intoki ukoresheje amazi meza n’isabune ni imwe mu ntwaro zikomeye zo kwirinda indwara zikwirakwira vuba, cyane cyane izibasira abana n’abafite ubudahangarwa buke. Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bagaragaza ko iyi ngamba yoroshye ishobora gukiza ubuzima bw’abantu benshi kurusha uko bamwe babyibwira.
Gukaraba intoki ni ingenzi cyane mu kwirinda indwara ziterwa na mikorobi zitandukanye. Kenshi, izi mikorobi zituruka ku mwanda w’abantu n’inyamaswa, zirimo nka E. coli, salmonella, ndetse na virusi zitera impiswi nka norovirusi.
Izi mikorobi zishobora kwinjira mu mubiri igihe umuntu avuye mu bwiherero adakarabye intoki, amaze guhindurira umwana, cyangwa akoze ku bice by’inyamaswa bishobora kuba byanduye.
Iyo umuntu adakarabye intoki:
- Ashobora kwanduza ibyo kurya n’ibyo kunywa
- Ashobora kwanduza ibikoresho akoresha nka telefoni, mudasobwa cyangwa amafaranga
- Ashobora kwiyanduza ubwe igihe yikoze ku maso, ku zuru cyangwa ku munwa
Gukaraba intoki birinda indwara no kuzikwirakwiza mu bandi
Gukaraba intoki neza n’isabune, ni uburyo bwizewe bwo kurwanya izi mikorobi.
Birinda indwara kuko:
- Ni kenshi cyane wikora mu maso, mu zuru yewe no ku munwa. Aho hose rero mikorobi zishobora kubona uko zinjira mu mubiri, zikaba zagutera indwara.
- Mu gihe utakarabye intoki, mikorobi zishobora kujya mu byo kurya no kunywa mu gihe uri kubitegura cg se uri kubifata. Izi mikorobi kandi igihe zigeze mu byo kurya bimwe na bimwe zishobora kwiyongera cyane, bikaba byagutera indwara zikomeye nk’amibe, infection y’ibihaha n’izindi.
- Mikorobi kandi zikwirakwira ku bindi bintu ukoraho cyane, nka telephone, mudasobwa, amafranga cg ibikinisho by’umwana
- Bityo gukaraba intoki bikuraho mikorobi,ukaba wirinze indwara z’impiswi, iz’ubuhumekero, iz’uruhu, na infection zitandukanye.
Ubukangurambaga bwo gukaraba intoki aho butangiriye hari byinshi byagiye bihinduka mu mibereho ya benshi.
Urugero:
- Umubare w’abibasirwa n’indwara z’impiswi waragabanutse cyane ; ku kigero cya 23-40%
- Byagabanyije cyane abibasirwa n’indwara z’ubuhumekero; guhera ku bicurane na grippe ukagera ku musonga. Ku rugero rungana na 20%
- Byagabanyije kandi umubare munini w’abafite ubudahangarwa buri hasi bibasirwa n’impiswi ku rugero rwa 50%
Isuku nke irangwa no kudakaraba intoki byica umubare munini w’abana bato
Abana bari munsi y’imyaka 5 barenga miliyoni 1.8 buri mwaka bapfa bahitanywe n’indwara zituruku ku kudakaraba intoki; zirimo impiswi n’umusonga, indwara z’ubuhumekero (ibicurane), indwara z’uruhu n’izindi infection.
Nubwo gukaraba intoki ari igikorwa cyoroshye kandi kidahenze, gifite uruhare rukomeye mu kurinda ubuzima bw’abantu no kugabanya indwara zikwirakwira mu buryo bworoshye. Gushyira imbere umuco wo gukaraba intoki n’isabune, cyane cyane mbere yo kurya no nyuma yo kuva mu bwiherero, ni intambwe ikomeye mu kubaka ubuzima bwiza bw’umuryango n’Igihugu muri rusange. Ni inshingano ya buri wese kubigira umuco, kuko ubuzima bwiza butangirira ku isuku.
