Inkuba ziri mu bihitana ubuzima bw’abantu batari bake buri mwaka. Abanyarwanda ba kera bakekaga ko cyaba ari igikoko bakagishushanya nk’isake, ndetse hari n’abizeraga ko yabaga ifitanye isano n’imyuka mibi. Nubwo ihitana ubuzima bw’abantu, abahanga bagaragaje ko hari n’akamaro ifite ku buzima bwabo.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi basobanura inkuba nk’ingufu z’amashanyarazi karemano zikomoka ku ruvangavange rw’ibinyabutabire n’imyuka igize igicu kiremereye.
Izi ngufu zingana hafi na watt miliyari ziba zinafite ubushyuhe bwikubye inshuro esheshatu ubw’izuba iyo uryegereye, zimanukana mu gicu umuvuduko wa kilometero zigera ku bihumbi 300 ku isaha.
Inkuba kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukubita ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyangwa ahantu aho ari ho hose nkuko tubikesha inyandiko y’ikinyamakuru Igihe gikorera kuri murandasi.
Izi ngufu iyo zimanukiye mu mubiri w’umuntu n’ubundi usanzwe uhanahana amakuru wifashishije ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi, zishobora gutuma umutima ndetse no guhumeka bihagarara, ibi bikaba ari na byo biviramo umuntu urupfu.
Uretse kuba inkuba yakwica umuntu ariko, ishobora no kumusigira ibindi bibazo bikomeye nko guta ubwenge, guhuma, gupfa amatwi ndetse n’ibikomere.
Inkuba kandi kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi ishobora no kuba yatwika umuntu, igiti kinini ikagikamuramo amazi kikuma burundu ndetse ishobora gutera inkongi.
Umuntu agira ibyago byo gukubitwa n’inkuba bingana hafi na 1/15.300 mu buzima, ariko na none hari ibikwiriye kwirindwa bishobora kongera iyo mahirwe.
Ibikorwa byose umuntu akorera hanze mu gihe imvura igwa birimo kugenda mu mvura, kujya kureka amazi, kuragira ndetse no kujya kugaburira amatungo bishobora kumwongerera ibyago byo gukubitwa n’inkuba; niyo mpamvu iyo imvura iguye umuntu aba akwiriye kujya mu nzu ndetse agakinga inzugi n’amadirishya.
Ni ngombwa kandi gucomora ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi, kuko inkuba ishobora gukubita umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ukoresha bikaba byatuma umuriro wiyongera ku buryo budasanzwe, bikaba byateza impanuka ndetse n’inkongi, bishobora no kuvamo impfu z’abantu.
Nubwo inkuba zitwara ubuzima bw’abantu zikanateza ibyago byinshi ariko, mu buryo butangaje, abashakashatsi bagaragaje ko zinagira uruhare mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Itsinda ry’abashakashatsi barimo Dr. William Brune wigisha ibijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere muri kaminuza ya Pennsylvania, ryagaragaje ko ibishashi by’urumuri ruterwa n’inkuba bitanga ikinyabutabire kizwi nka ’hydroxyl’ kigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Ngo nubwo bizasaba ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kugira ngo hamenyekane ibipimo biboneye, ariko nibura inkuba zihariye hagati ya 2% na 16% mu bigabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Uguturika kw’inkuba kandi gufasha mu kongera uburumbuke bw’ubutaka, kuko byongera ingano y’ikinyabutabire cya ‘azote’ n’ubundi kiri mu bikoreshwa mu guhongera ubutaka bwagundutse no kongera umusaruro.
