Ishyamba rya Gishwati ni ishyamba ryahogoje amahanga kubera imiterere karemano yaryo, rikaba riri ku buso bwa hegitari ibihumbi mirongo irindwi n’icyenda (79,926 ha) nk’uko bivugwa n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku bumenyi n’Umuco, UNESCO. Rikoze ku turere tune ari two: Nyabihu, Rubavu, Rutsiro na Ngororero twose duherereye mu ntara y’Iburengerazuba.
Iri shyamba ryahujwe na Mukura rikitwa Pariki y’Igihugu ya ‘Gishwati-Mukura’ ririmo ibinyabuzima byinshi nkuko bitangazwa n’ Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku bumenyi, umuco n’ururimi (UNESCO) uvuga ko harimo inyamaswa nto n’inini ziri mu moko arenga 120 ndetse n’ibimera biri mu moko arenga 250.
Iri shyamba rya Gishwati ryahindutse Pariki y’Igihugu ya Gishwati-Mukura ni irya kane rinini mu Rwanda nyuma ya Parike y’Igihugu ya Nyungwe, Parike y’Igihugu y’Akagera ndetse na Parike y’Igihugu y’ibirunga. N’ubwo ari Ishyamba rinini kandi rifitiye Igihugu akamaro, ryigeze kwangizwa mu buryo bukomeye ndetse bikabije, ku buryo byabaye intandaro y’ibiza, bityo abarituriye bahura n’ibihombo byinshi ku buryo hari n’abahaburiye ubuzima.
Nyuma yo kwangizwa rigateza ibibazo byinshi byanahitanye ubuzima bwa bamwe, ryaje gusanwa ndetse rinabyazwa umusaruro mu buryo butandukanye burengera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ndetse n’ubwiza bw’abahasura birebera imisozi myiza yizihiwe n’inka.
Ni ibihe bikorwa by’ingenzi bikorerwa mu Ishyamba rya Gishwati?
Nyuma yo gutunganya iri shyamba rya Gishwati binyuze muri gahunda za Leta, hakozwe byinshi byahaye n’abatuye mu nkengero zaryo imirimo ibafasha kwiteza imbere nko gukora amaterasi y’indinganire, gutera ibiti no kubibungabunga, hakaniyongeraho ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco aho inka ari ipfundo ry’ubukerarugendo nko mu gace kazwi nka Bigogwe. Ibi byatumye haboneka uburyo bwo gukoreramo ibikorwa bibyara inyungu haba ku baturage ndetse n’Igihugu muri rusange.
Bimwe mu bikorwa bikorerwa muri iri shyamba:
- Ubworozi: Iyi ni inkingi Ifatiye benshi akamaro ndetse ikaba n’inkingi ya mwamba ishingiweho na benshi ubuzima. Muri iri shyamba kandi harimo amatungo atandukanye by’umwihariko inka zitanga umukamo urenga litiro 159,891 ugemurwa ku nganda zitunganya ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse hari n’ayoherezwa hanze y’Igihugu.
- Ubuhinzi: Nyuma yo gukorwamo amaterasi y’indinganire, muri iri shyamba hahingwamo ibihingwa bitandukanye byiganjemo imboga n’imbuto.
Muri ibyo bihingwa harimo ibirayi byera cyane mu turere twa Nyabihu Rubavu na Rutsiro, hakaba kandi ibigori, karoti n’amashu ukongeraho kandi imbuto nk’ibinyomoro n’ibindi. Muri iri shyamba kandi harimo ibihingwa ngenga bukungu nk’icyayi, ikawa n’ibirete bibyazwa umusaruro bikagirira inyungu ababikora n’Igihugu muri rusange. - Ubukerarugendo: Nkuko bigaragazwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubukerarugendo, RDB iri shyamba ryinjiza hejuru ya 10% ry’amafaranga ava mu bukerarugendo.
Ubukerarugendo bukorerwa mu Ishyamba rya Gishwati bushingiye ku muco ndetse n’ inyamaswa ziba muri iri shyamba nk’inyoni, ibinyamabere n’ibikururanda.
Ishyamba rya Gishwati-Mukura ryabungabunzwe ku buryo bushoboka kandi akaba ari n’ umushinga urambye wa
Leta wo kuribyaza umusaruro hirindwa kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima kuko rufatiye benshi ubuzima hazirikanwa ko nta mashyamba nta buzima kuko ari yo abumbatiye umwuka duhumeka.
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